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Economic vector 2021 1(24)

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SCENARIO APPROACH TO BUILDING PREDICTIVE MODELS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMS
Author(s): A.N. Tsatsulin, B.A.Tsatsulin
The article is devoted to the problems of scenario modeling in relation to solving a number of problems of managing the health care system of the Perm Territory, which in recent years has attracted attention by the development of a number of promising projects to develop this industry, to expand the availability of medical services and to improve the level of medical care for the population. Since any good-quality project must be directly linked not only to the future periods of its implementation, but also be scientifically justified in terms of insuring all kinds of risks and threats that will stand in the way of the successful completion of the project, recently all kinds of projects, programs and plans are often developed are created using the so-called scenario approach. Several options for the development of events with this approach are offered to the appropriate circle of leaders or the power structure for the subsequent adoption of an appropriate management decision.
The authors of the article consider the main provisions and principles of the scenario approach using the example of the development of the health care system of a particular subject of the federation, which makes the material proposed for consideration very relevant. The authors also define, as they see it, the main result of improving the industry in the form of a target and a national goal - the expected (upcoming) life expectancy of the population of the study area. This socio-economic indicator, which has all the signs of fatefulness, is considered by the authors to be a priority analytical indicator of the level and quality of an effective life of a Russian. The latter determines the purpose of this study.
The authors consider the construction of dynamic multivariate models of industry development options for a period of up to three years to be an efficient tool for analyzing and forecasting this indicator, which is presented in the article in the form of five simultaneous equations of multiple regressions. The results of this construction are continued by discussion, and the article ends with conclusions.

STRATEGIC IMPULSES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Author(s): N.V.Kozlova, T.A.Dubrovina
The authors of the article argue the problem and complexity of the agro-industrial complex of Russia from the point of view of sustainable development and innovation. The features of the agricultural sector of the economy are systematized. Analyses the current situation of the agricultural sector of Russia, and it presents the dynamics of exports and imports with countries of the CIS, Eurasian economic community and Abroad; calculated the growth rate of exports and imports of agricultural products of the Russian Federation; the structure of Russia's exports reflected the export of essential goods; the dynamics of investments in the agro-industrial complex by economic activity is given; the growth rates of investments in the agricultural sector of the country are calculated. The priorities of the strategy of the agro-industrial complex of the European Union are considered. The conclusion is made about the extensive model of functioning of the agro industrial complex. The reasons for the low export orientation of the agro-industrial complex of the country are revealed. Macro-factors influencing the development of the Russian agro-industrial complex are identified. The internal factors of inefficient development of the agricultural sector are revealed. The negative consequences of the long-term implementation of the import substitution policy in our country are reflected. Scenarios of the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation are considered and their comparative analysis is given. Formulated strategic impetus for development of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation aimed at reducing the gap APK from developed countries.

TARIFF AND INVESTMENT POLICY OF ENERGY ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF A LOW-CARBON ECONOMIC TREND
Author(s): A.A.Artemiev, P.N. Kosarev
The article reveals the issues of changing approaches to the implementation of tariff and investment policy by energy enterprises within the framework of strategic objectives and program-target documents for decarbonization of the economy. The importance of these issues is confirmed by the global trends of increasing attention to the negative impact of organizational, economic and technological solutions on global warming and the destruction of the ozone layer. Using a deductive approach, the authors draw conclusions regarding the impact of the investment policy of energy enterprises on their competitiveness potential. The authors draw the conclusions about the methods suitable for energy enterprises based on the analysis of qualitative information and expert judgment. An element of scientific novelty is the substantiation of the algorithm for planning the investment component of measures to reduce the carbon footprint of energy enterprises, carried out by the authors.

THE STATE AND PROBLEMS OF INNOVATION ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA
Author(s): D.Y.Salko, I.A. Kokorin
The article is devoted to the state of innovation activity in Russia. The literature on this issue is analyzed. The "Strategy of innovative development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020" is considered in detail, the authors ' opinions on this program are considered, the results are summed up, and conclusions are drawn.

THE "SMART CITY" CONCEPT: PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT AND THREATS TO IMPLEMENTATION (CASE OF ST. PETERSBURG)
Author(s): V.A.Plotnikov, Yu.V.Katrashova
This paper presents the main characteristics of the concept of "smart city", based on the current trends of digital transformation of various spheres of activity of society and the state. Based on fundamental research in the field of digital technologies, as well as on the experience of implementing the "smart city" strategy of foreign countries, the analysis of the validity of methods for developing strategic plans for improving the city and its infrastructure facilities using ICT is presented. The risks and benefits of digitalization of the infrastructure of the city of St. Petersburg were also assessed. The main directions of the development of information and communication technologies, as well as digital technologies, providing integration and a plan for the effective implementation of the smart metropolis strategy are identified.

ASSESSING THE POTENTIAL OF SMALL INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISES AT UNIVERSITIES: A RESOURCE-NARRATIVE APPROACH
Author(s): P.N.Mashegov, I.S.Ampilov
The article deals with innovative business structures created at universities and scientific institutions. A methodology for assessing the potential of small innovative enterprises is proposed. Assessment of the potential of small innovative enterprises at universities can be useful for potential counterparties, including the state in the implementation of targeted innovation programs, as well as for innovative entrepreneurs themselves, since the models used in assessing the potential can act as a benchmark for the organization of entrepreneurial activity. Special attention is paid to non-formalized elements of corporate culture, which are proposed to be evaluated on the basis of narrative analysis.

REASONS OF TRANSITION TO LEASING (RENT) RELATIONS ON THE GLOBAL WEAPON MARKET
Author(s): A.Kh.Kurbanov, S.A.Fomin
The present paper contains an analysis of factors that support use of leasing on the global market of weapons. It is demonstrated that leasing (rent) corresponds to the needs of producers and customers of military equipment. Prospects of use of rent and leasing in the field of trade of military equipment are described.

METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM OF MONITORING OF ECONOMIC SECURITY FOR OIL AND GAS COMPANIES
Author(s): A.Kh.Kurbanov, S.A.Fomin
The present paper contains a description of a system of monitoring of economic security for oil and gas companies. An analysis of specific features of functioning of oil and gas companies in the present situation is given. Three levels of monitoring of economic security are introduced. These levels correspond to three levels of business environment. The need for transition to dynamic monitoring of economic security on the basis of digital technologies is demonstrated.

PROBLEMS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN THE REPUBLIC OF CÔTE D'IVOIRE IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS
Author(s): E.D. Schetinina, Yu.N. Bozhkov, S.S. Togba
The purpose of the article is to study, generalize and systematize the factors of development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Ivory Coast and identify the relationship between them and the regional competitive strategy and position. This study therefore examines the difficulties and problems of small and medium-sized enterprises in Côte d'Ivoire on the one hand, based on empirical data, and on the other, from the perspective of regional competitiveness, its components and planning. SMEs can and should become drivers of the region's development-with appropriate policies. For example, improved water supply and a well-developed licensing policy for production facilities will allow companies in the Ivory Coast to significantly increase their profitability. The deterioration of access to Finance leads to a significant decrease in business sales. In addition, political stability

MODERN STUDIES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROCESSES: THE REGIONAL DIMENSION
Author(s): V.A.Chernenko, A.A.Voronov, D.O. Maslakova
The article deals with the issues of regional economy, problems of effective use of financial resources; substantiates the directions of improving the regional infrastructure and social orientation of financial instrument.

REGIONAL LABOR MARKET: PROBLEMS OF EMPLOYMENT OF YOUTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW FORMS OF EMPLOYMENT
Author(s): O.V. Fedoninа
The article examines the main problems of the growth of productive employment at the level of the country and region. In particular, the tendency of regional differences in the structure of employment and the dynamics of wages was revealed. The main factors that prevent young people from taking a position in society adequate to the modern type of economic development are analyzed. In the Republic of Mordovia, data have been investigated that make it possible to judge the low attractiveness of the region's employment for young people, which contributes to the outflow of the most qualified personnel to other regions. Certain recommendations are proposed in the field of increasing employment, including the development of non-standard forms of employment.

IMPACT OF DEPRECIATION OF FIXED ASSETS ON FORMATION OF OWN INVESTMENT RESOURCES OF AN ENTERPRISE
Author(s): V.I.Martynov
Own investment resources of an enterprise mean depreciation charges and net profit spent for development. Modern scientific literature widely discusses the opinion that there is an optimal depreciation policy, which makes it possible to increase own investment resources of an enterprise. Increase of such resources allegedly stimulates accelerated replacement of obsolete equipment. The paper doubts such assessment and substantiates the conclusion that there is no such notion as "optimal depreciation policy" which could increase own investment resources of an enterprise.
Investigation of the problem has been carried out on the basis of enterprise work results modeling by linear method of depreciation of fixed assets and by accelerated methods. Depreciation charges and net profit spent for development were used as final performance indicators of an enterprise.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR USING GRAPHICAL BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS
Author(s): E.U.Bezukladova
The article deals with the problems of break-even analysis, the order of plotting the schedule taking into account the volume of sales of certain types of products. The possibility of using graphical break-even analysis to identify the risk of loss of break-even is analyzed.

INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE CULTURE ON THE EMPLOYEE PERSONALITY STRUCTURE
Author(s): O.V.Arkhipova, D.V. Hodos, A.L.Zelezinskii
The personality of the employee and corporate culture are closely interrelated and form a system of interactions. The article describes the processes that occur with the person during adaptation in a new workplace. The article operates the groups of mental sets and values being formed for a long time.

MANAGEMENT OF CORPORATE MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS AND THEIR BUDGET
Author(s): E.A. Shchetinina
The article develops the topic of management of corporate marketing communications, taking into account modern conditions and new trends. The author examines the problems associated with communication strategies for various groups of clients, as well as with the assessment of their costs. Approaches to the formation of a communications budget based on a number of factors are proposed, including the goals, objectives of the communication strategy, as well as the stages of the life cycle of a product and an organization. The structure of communication costs by type and place of origin is proposed, ways of their reduction and optimization are described.

COVID-19 PANDEMICS AS A FACTOR OF DESTABILIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL SUPPLY CHAINS
Author(s): Yu.A.Nikitin, M.A. Plotnik
The paper contains an analysis of the negative impact of the Covid-19 pandemics on the global supply chains. The reasons of this negative impact are identified. It is demonstrated that the Covid-19 pandemics is not the only threat for the stability of supply chains. Recommendations for the increase of stability of global supply chains for their members and for national economies are formulated.

END-OF-LIFE PRODUCT PRICING MANAGEMENT AS A NEW MARKETING TOOL
Author(s): V.V. Bakharev, G.Yu.Mityashin
In this paper, the authors consider two options for managing goods with an expiring expiration date, the most preferable of which is the markdown of perishable goods. The authors note that in modern Russian conditions, the markdown of goods is equivalent to a sale that allows the retailer to make a profit, and the buyer to save money. However, the authors consider the markdown of goods with an expiring expiration date is a new, undervalued marketing tool that allows to increase the competitiveness of a retail trade enterprise. The paper offers 3 options for positioning discounted products: financial, environmental and socially responsible. To compare these positioning options, the authors create a table that reflects the advantages of each of the options for the retailer and for the consumer. The authors recommend to choose the method of positioning discounted products depending on the target audience of the store and characterize the tools for promoting discounted products for each positioning option. In conclusion, the authors write that the benefits received by a retail trade enterprise from the markdown of goods with an expiring expiration date are not appreciated, and recommend using this marketing tool.

PROBLEMS OF ASSESSING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF PRODUCTS
Author(s): A.V.Lebedeva
The company's ability to offer competitive products to the market on time is a key success factor, and more and more modern Russian managers are successfully implementing integrated approaches to the formation and management of competitiveness at all stages of the life cycle. However, at the moment, both in business practice and in the economic literature, there is no single approach to the definition of the concept of "competitiveness", a single methodology for evaluation has not been developed. The conducted content analysis allowed us to identify the unconditional properties of competitive products – the ability to surpass the competitor's products in terms of price and non-price parameters and simultaneously meet the leading and currently relevant consumer needs at each stage of the product life cycle. When implementing the competitiveness assessment procedure, it is necessary to pay attention to the regulation of all the main stages, depending on the objectives of the assessment. Taking into account the characteristics of the product, the researcher needs to solve a number of ambiguous questions: to form a base for comparison, to choose the comparison parameters, and the evaluation method. The article identifies the risks that can distort the results of the study, highlights the key shortcomings of the most common assessment methods. As promising methods, the author suggests adapting the method of analyzing hierarchies, functional-cost analysis, and structuring quality functions.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF FUNCTIONING OF INTERNATIONAL SUPPLY CHAINS IN DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Author(s): A.Kh. Kurbanov, I.A. Shakhian
The present paper contains an analysis of risks for the stability of international production and supply chains in defense industrial complex. Factors leading to these risks are identified. The specificity of these risks in the Russian defense industrial complex is demonstrated. Recommendations for their elimination are proposed.

TOOLS FOR DETERMINING THE READINESS OF A BUSINESS FOR DIGITALIZATION
Author(s): M.V.Botnaryuk
The article offers a modernized method of SWOT analysis that allows you to determine the company's readiness for digitalization. Its distinctive feature is that the methodology includes coefficients that allow us to study the strengths, weaknesses, as well as opportunities and threats from the perspective of the requirements of the digital economy. Recommendations on the definition of the introduced criteria are presented. Methodological guidelines for filling in the matrix are proposed.

THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE AND THE PRINCIPLES OF ITS STUDY IN THE NEW ECONOMY
Author(s): E.D.Schetinina, E.S.Krasnoperova
The article presents the results of a study of the nature and content of such important categories economy, business environment, which determines the potential and efficiency of enterprises, regardless of ownership, size and product manufacturers profile. It is established that the existing approaches to the study of the business environment of enterprises instrumentally and informationally restrict managers in choosing their economic decisions, especially strategic ones. In this regard, the three-pronged task was to identify fundamental changes in the methodology of analyzing the business environment, and therefore these principles themselves; to study and describe the multicomponent composition of business environment factors in the context of globalization and digitalization; to find new approaches to the study of the business environment. These methodological approaches should be taken into account as the development of the theory of economics, marketing management of the external and internal environment of the enterprise, as well as practical experience gained in this field in the 21st century. This is the attempt made in the article. The features of the business environment of industrial enterprises (DSPP), its specific differences from the environment of trade, financial and other organizations are identified, an expanded set of parameters for its assessment and identification attributes are proposed. The methodological conclusion that management should choose strategic directions of development depending on the level of these attribute parameters is justified.

MODERN APPROACHES TO ENSURING ACCESSIBILITY OF FACILITIES AND SERVICES FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF A MODERN METROPOLIS
Author(s): O.V.Arkhipova, A.L.Zelezinskii, I.W. Porodin
The article is devoted to the issue of ensuring the availability of facilities and services for persons with disabilities in the infrastructure of a modern metropolis. This topic is of importance and relevance because in our time the themes of tolerance, equal rights have acquired special significance in society, as discussions are being actively conducted in the media. The very concept of a barrier-free environment has become a social phenomenon and today the state is actively cooperating with societies representing the rights of persons with disabilities and the media are increasingly notified of this problem.

COGNITIVE MODEL OF NONCE-WORDS FORMATION IN INTERNET DISCOURSE (ENGLISH POLITICAL FORUMS)
Author(s): M.M.Chetina
The aim of the research is to analyze the cognitive mechanism of nonce-words formation in the Internet discourse. The material of the studies is English political forums. The methodology of the research is the theory of conceptual integration of G. Fauconnier and M. Turner which makes it possible to study the cognitive mechanism of nonce-word meaning generation and describe the properties and structure of its concept. The specific traits of the cognitive-semantic nonce-word meaning construction process are: occasionality, occasional recatecorization of the concept, sense-generation operators, pragmatic factor.

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