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Economic vector 2021 2(25)

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ANALYSIS AND DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY FOR THE CALCULATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT QUALITY INDEX
Author(s): V.V. Chernykh, V.A. Ivanenko
The article describes the process of creating the present methodology of forming the integral urban environment quality index, according to which, in the past three years, the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation has been assessing the level of living comfort in Russian cities. This methodology has proven to be an effective tool for identifying strengths and weaknesses of city development, helping the authorities to introduce an integrated approach to planning this development. Analysis of the index structure showed the necessity to include in this methodology a number of the street crime indicators for evaluating the safety of citizens in the daytime and at night. It was concluded, that the list of the official data sources for calculating the urban environment quality index should be supplemented by the results of the independent public opinion polls.

Keywords: city development, urban environment quality index, quality of life index, calculation method.

ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF GROWING AND DECLINING ENTERPRISES IN RUSSIA ACCORDING TO DATA FOR 2020
Author(s): I.S. Pinkovetskaia
The purpose of the article is to evaluate the values of indicators describing the specific weights of growing and declining enterprises in the total number of active enterprises in Russia in 2020, as well as the number of growing enterprises and declining enterprises, per thousand people living in each of the regions of Russia. In the course of the study, it was proved that growing and fading enterprises are relatively rare among commercial organizations. A significant differentiation of the number of both growing and declining enterprises per thousand people of the population of the regions is shown. The regions with the maximum and minimum values of indicators are given.

Keywords: growing enterprises, declining enterprises, business demography, number of employees, economic and mathematical models, regions.

INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION ABOUT NATURAL UNCERTAINTY AS A RISK ACCOUNTING ENVIRONMENT IN GAMES WITH NATURE IN THE PROCESS OF MAKING ENTREPRENEURIAL DECISIONS
Author(s): V.A. Drabenko, D.V. Drabenko, V.A. Drabenko
The article examines high technologies as an opportunity to smooth out the structural imbalances of the economy in terms of identifying the probabilistic nature of their use and implementation in the form of games with natural uncertainty.

Keywords: high technologies, games with nature, strategic decisions, structural imbalances in the economy

MARKETING INNOVATIONS AS A MEANS OF IMPROVING BANKING SERVICES
Author(s): I.A. Soloveichik
The intensification of competition in the banking business, the universalization of banking activities, the introduction of advanced information technologies, radically change the forms and systems of sales of bank products and methods of communication with existing and potential customers, while it requires the personification of traditional banking products to meet the individual needs of individual customers and the formation of a system of partnership relations between customers and the bank, which forces banks to master new concepts and tools of banking marketing. This article discusses the advanced trends in the development of innovative banking technologies in Russia, with special attention paid to the development of digital merchandising and interactive banking systems.

Keywords: banking innovation, marketing, innovative technologies, competitiveness, Digital Signage

ABOUT THE ESSENCE, FEATURES AND LEGITIMITY OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES
Author(s): A.A. Lapinskas
The article discusses the main technological and economic aspects of the functioning of cryptocurrencies. Based on the analysis of monetary theories and the evolution of forms of money, it is shown that the technologies of mining and circulation of cryptocurrencies fully meet the requirements for "monetary material" and the trend in the development of monetary systems. It is concluded that the development of the form of money under the influence of scientific and technological progress has not changed their economic essence. The pros and cons of cryptocurrencies are shown. The problem of the legitimacy of cryptocurrencies is analyzed taking into account the new federal legislation.

Keywords: cryptocurrency, blockchain, commodity and fiat money, the problem of double spending, mining, forging, rationalist and evolutionary approaches, nominalism.

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-CARBON ECONOMY
Author(s): M.A. Liubarskaia
The relevance of the research topic is justified by the currently emerging trend of transition to a low-carbon economy all over the world. The purpose of the article is to consider the theoretical aspects of this process, as well as the barriers that stand in the way of the Russian Federation in the implementation of the principles of low-carbon development. The analysis of international agreements in this area and Russian documents on their ratification is carried out. The author has proven that Russian enterprises must take action by introducing innovative technologies to reduce carbon emissions and raising product quality standards in order to provide priority opportunities for future economic development.

Keywords: low carbon trend, Russian Federation, economic development, legislation, international agreement, ratification.

EVALUATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE IN THE CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE ECONOMY
Author(s): M.S. Starikova, E.D. Gyamfi
The turbulence characteristic of the modern economy opens up new market "windows", the potential of which can be used by innovatively active agents. The development of the external environment determines the nature, stability, progress and type of trajectory of the functioning of industrial enterprises. When studying the external environment, it is important to study the trends that are emerging not only in the national economy as a whole, but also in its individual subsystems, taking into account the disproportionality of their development characteristic of Russia. The article proposes a quantitative assessment of the characteristics of the dynamics of development of the federal districts of the Russian Federation that are significant in the conditions of an innovative economy, based on an assessment of the rank correlation coefficients and variations of the volume of innovative products, the cost of technological innovation, and the innovative activity of organizations. An assessment of the tightness of the relationship between the cost of technological innovation and the volume of manufactured innovative products in the federal districts of the Russian Federation is carried out. The article identifies federal districts, the external environment of which is favorable for modernization and increasing the efficiency of enterprises, and districts in which the introduction of innovative trajectories in the development strategy of enterprises is difficult.

Keywords: external environment of an enterprise, development of an industrial enterprise, innovative economy, assessment of the external environment, development of the regional environment of a Russian enterprise.

CATCH THE WAVE OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY. MAIN DIRECTIONS OF HIGH-TECH BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA
Author(s): I.A. Soloveichik

In the conditions of rapid progress in the field of science, technology, innovation and culture, the change of the technological way of life in society, not only new opportunities for development appear, but also socio-economic risks disappear. This article describes the main results and directions of high-tech business development in Russia, provides a regional analysis of the high-tech sector, and evaluates the main indicators of the development of the high-tech sector of the Russian economy in comparison with the leading countries. The problems caused by the accelerated pace of digitalization and the introduction of advanced technologies are identified.

 

Keywords: high-tech business, high-tech industries, Global Innovation Index, innovation, Research and development work (R & D), STEAM (STREAM)

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AS A SUCCESS FACTOR
Author(s): A.V. Erygina

The paper addresses the development of emotional intelligence and its impact on the employees' success. It links soft skills with emotional intelligence and contains the review of the theory of basic emotions proposed by Robert Plutchik, methods of its use and its relevance in HR management for managers and workforce. The paper describes the properties of emotions and emotional reasoning, role and importance of the employees' emotional competence, as well as ways to trigger necessary emotions in the audience. It analyses the development of emotional intelligence studies of foreign and national researchers and determines two emotion management approaches.

 

Keywords: emotions, basic emotions, emotion wheel, emotional competence, emotional reasoning, emotional intelligence, emotion management, soft skills.


A MODEL FOR EVALUATING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF AN INVESTMENT DECISION, IMPLEMENTED BY INTEGRATED TARGETS
Author(s): V.A. Drabenko, D.V. Drabenko, V.A. Drabenko
This article examines the problems associated with the economic assessment of the effectiveness of innovative solutions, as well as the problem of assessing economic parameters.

Keywords: investment project, key indicators, economic efficiency.

IDENTITY AND BRANDING OF HOTELS AS A FACTOR OF PROMOTION OF SERVICES IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Author(s): A.L. Zelezinskii, O.V. Arhipova, D.V. Hodos, Y.O. Vladykina
The search for local authenticity is a modern point of development of tourist destinations, which forms a tourist flow, brings regular income to the local budget and develops social infrastructure. Expressed in all visual interpretations, including the brand, it allows you to "launch" and make investment-attractive regions that are completely different in terms of starting conditions. A unique selling proposition, built taking into account the integration into the overall architecture of the territorial brand, allows hotel enterprises to fully function in the high-risk and highly competitive market of hotel chains. The purpose of this article is to determine the position of small and medium-sized hotels at the local level, allowing them to compete in the market of mass hotel services.

Keywords: competitive advantages, branding, identity, domestic tourist flow, authenticity, socio-economic development.

DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN THE HOTEL BUSINESS
Author(s): T.V. Bedyaeva, V.E. Sandrina, A.A. Zelenskaya
The article presents the features of innovation in the hotel industry as an integral component of the development of tourism services, maintaining competitiveness in the hospitality sector, as well as the impact of innovation as a factor in building the potential of the hotel industry and entering a new market. The specificity and problems of the innovation strategy of the hotel enterprise are considered.

Keywords: hotel industry, innovation, newest technologies, innovation strategy, competitiveness.

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ASSESSING AND FORMING PROSPECTS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGIONS
Author(s): .L. Zelezinskii, O.V. Arhipova, D.V. Hodos, D.V. Parsukov
The article is devoted to the study of the problems of innovative development in the regions of the Russian Federation. The aim of this work was to determine the empirical relationship between the indicators of innovation activity, economic growth and the state of the institutional environment in the regions. For this purpose, the research methodology was formed and the analysis of the subjects of the Russian Federation was carried out with the establishment of current trends in innovative, institutional and economic development. The methodological basis of the study was the grouping method, the decision tree method, as well as economic and mathematical modeling for constructing production functions. In the course of the analysis, it was found that economic growth directly depends on the innovation and institutional factors. High values of these factors allow you to get GRP per capita at the level of 510 thousand rubles and above, with low values, this indicator is 180-200 thousand rubles. The rate of economic growth is also directly proportional to these factors. It is also revealed that, first; the quality of public institutions and business institutions determines the effectiveness of development and the growth of innovation indicators at the regional level. The most significant attribute for the classification of subjects by the level of innovative development is the innovation activity index. It defines the current classification by 36.7 %, the indices of socio-economic conditions and the quality of innovation policy by 26 %. Macroeconomic modeling of economic growth in the regions depending on the level of innovative development is carried out, and the prospects for using the innovative factor as a driver of economic growth are evaluated. It is established that for a significant number of regions of the Russian Federation, the innovative way of development is not relevant in the medium term. Only for 15 territorial subjects of the Russian Federation, economic growth is real, accompanied by the development of innovative activities. Based on the results of the simulation, proposals are formulated for the directions of economic development of the regions. The article is intended for specialists and experts in the field of theory and practice of innovative development management at the regional level.

Keywords: innovative development, institutions, institutional environment, innovation, innovation activity, gross regional product, economic growth, classification, production functions, economic and mathematical modeling, socio-economic development.

ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF FUNCTIONING OF PRODUCTION INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE ENTERPRISES OF THE MINING INDUSTRY
Author(s): Y.I. Mikhailov, V.P. Semenov, N.V. Mikhailova
Modern methods of assessment of efficiency of functioning of the industrial enterprises are directed to a possibility of carrying out the factorial analysis of the generalizing efficiency indicator as which the indicator of profitability of equity on the basis of multiple-factor model of Dupont is widely used. Production infrastructure is the important component of the modern industrial enterprise providing and supporting conditions of its normal functioning and sustainable development. In article the analysis of private indicators is carried out, the generalizing indicator of efficiency of functioning of infrastructure division and the infrastructure complex of the enterprise in general is offered and reasonable. Examples of application of the offered technique in relation to infrastructure of the mining enterprise are presented. The factorial analysis of the generalizing indicator of efficiency of functioning of infrastructure divisions will allow to reveal the existing problems which solution will allow to provide sustainable development of production and economic systems of the mining enterprise.

Keywords: multiple-factor model of Dupont, production infrastructure, the mining enterprise (ODS), private indicators and the generalizing indicator of efficiency of functioning of infrastructure division and IKP in general, the mining and processing works (MPW).


PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION WITHIN THE DIGITAL PARADIGM
Author(s): E.S. Shmeleva
The second half of the XX century was a breakthrough for sea cargo transportation. This was facilitated by the creation and development of container transportation. Cargo transportation has become more convenient due to the automation of loading and unloading operations, higher protection of cargo during transportation, but also due to the cost-effectiveness of this method.
Currently, for the development of the container transport market, considering the extent to which suppliers are focused on the end user, it is reasonable to assume that trends aimed at innovation should be associated with the provision of environmentally-positive services, real-time tracking, self-service, reverse logistics, customized products and fast delivery. Some of these trends are amplified with the advent of e-commerce. In addition to creating more compact and flexible platforms, the digitalization of intermodal transport is designed to ensure safer, safer and more sustainable cargo transportation.

Keywords: containers, sea transportation, terminal, sea line, digitalization, container turnover.

ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS
Author(s): D.Y. Salko

The article discusses and analyzes various concepts of innovation management in different periods of time. Their features, advantages and disadvantages are revealed. A chronological table of the evolution of innovation management concepts is constructed. A new concept of innovation management is proposed taking into account the current state of the economy.

 

Keywords: innovative concepts, development, evolution, models, problems and solutions.

REVERSE LOGISTICS IN THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE ARCTIC ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Author(s): V.V. Nikolaev, D.A. Ipatova

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need for a systematic approach to the organization of environmental safety related to waste management in the Arctic zone and regions of the Far North. One of the solutions to waste management in the Arctic zone can be the introduction of reverse logistics. The purpose of the article is to consider an empirical model of the stages of implementation and functioning of backflow logistics within the framework of project management of a system for ensuring environmental safety and resource efficiency. The article presents the results of research in the field of waste management in the regions of the Far North by the introduction of reverse logistics. Risk factors from radioactive waste and their consequences for the regions of the Far North are presented, as well as the main factors complicating the work of the waste management system in the Russian Arctic. A properly designed reverse logistics model can be used as a tool in waste management.

 

Keywords: Arctic zone, Far North, waste management, environmental safety, reverse logistics, management solutions.

LOGISTICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE TANK-CONTAINER MARKET IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Author(s): O.V.Malikhina, A.N.Nazarova

The article deals with topical issues of development of the market of tank-container freight transportation in Russia. The study presents data on the use of tank-containers on various modes of transport, which allow high-quality and reliable transportation of goods in comparison with traditional tanks. The technological features of the design of tank-containers, their overall dimensions, weight and capacity are considered. Statistical information reflecting the dynamics of the chemical cargo transportation market in containers and tanks has been analyzed. The risks and threats that can lead to an environmental disaster due to the problems of updating the fleet of containers have been studied. The directions of development of smart logistics are given.

 

Keywords: logistics processes, tank-container transportation, uncontrolled operation, risks and threats to traffic, development prospects of the tank-container market.

DIRECTIONS TO IMPROVE THE METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MARITIME TRANSPORT HUB
Author(s): M.S. Ilyina (Rzhevskaya)

The article examines the method of determining the economic efficiency of the maritime transport hub (MTH) within the maritime transport industry. The main focus is on adapting the methodology to industry specifics, which leads to the use of indicators such as the amount of untapped capacity, bandwidth utilization, capacity reserve and balance when assessing the effectiveness of MTH. A scheme of economic analysis of the industry efficiency of the MTH on the example of data from one of the ports of the Azov-Black Sea basin has been proposed. A comprehensive system of measures to improve the efficiency of the MTH has been formed, taking into account the interaction of all modes of transport.

 

Keywords: maritime transport hub (MTH), maritime transport industry, economic efficiency, capacity, cargo turnover, loading capacity of MTH, undeveloped capacity.

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