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Economic vector 2022 2(29)

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ESG BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION PRACTICE: RESULTS, MEASUREMENT, DEVELOPMENT VECTORS
Author(s): K.I.Fedorov, S.V. Fedorova

The article is devoted to global trends in the world economy – conducting socially responsible business. More and more investors, both institutional and private, are ready to invest money, guided by the fundamental principles of ESG-investing. The scope of the spread of this process in the world and in Russia, the main ESG tools, the role of the state in the formation of a sustainable financing market are considered.

Keywords: ESG-investing; responsible investing; principles of sustainable development; ESG-rating; ESG-bonds; responsible investment fund.

MODERN RISKS OF CRYPTOIZATION OF THE ECONOMY
Author(s): A.V.Lebedeva

The issues of regulating transactions with cryptocurrencies have affected the entire world community, while approaches to solving them at the level of individual countries are sometimes diametrically opposed. The Russian Federation is at the stage of building an integrated digital financial asset management system, institutions and technologies are being formed to maximize the opportunities of the cryptocurrency market. However, it is necessary to take into account the risks involved, which can cause serious damage both to the welfare of individual citizens and to the national security of the country as a whole. The article identifies the key dangers of scaling cryptocurrency transactions, highlights the main risk factors.

Keywords: cryptocurrency, cryptoization, blockchain, investment risks, currency risks, operational risks, institutional risks of cryptoeconomics, cryptocurrency volatility, cryptoexchanges, methods of issuing cryptocurrencies, digital ruble, cybercrime.

THE CURRENT STATE OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE LENINGRAD REGION
Author(s): A.J.Vilpan, A.L.Zelezinskii, O.V.Arhipova

Agriculture is an important industry for the economy of the Leningrad region. For the development of the industry, a constant analysis of statistical data is needed, the results of which can be applied to adjust the measures taken, as well as to develop new ones in order to develop this direction. This article analyzes statistical data, and also develops a set of measures aimed at developing agriculture in the Leningrad region.

Keywords: agriculture, statistical analysis, region, Leningrad region.

 

INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN ECONOMY IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT
Author(s): N.V.Rozumnaya, J.D.Murmyilo

The article examines the foreign and domestic experience in assessing the innovative development of countries and regions. The problems of the development of innovative activity in Russia are analyzed. The dynamics of world indicators based on the data of the World Bank is considered. The analysis of the state of the innovation component in the Russian economy is made, the dependence of changes in the volume of high-tech products on the internal costs of its development and implementation in the Russian GDP is stated, and the resulting pair regression model is evaluated for significance. The calculation showed a close connection between the variables and the efficiency of investment in innovation. Checking the model according to Fisher's criterion and Student's criterion showed its high quality, which indicates the possibility of its further use to predict the volume of production of high-tech products in Russia.

Keywords: innovation activity, regression, high-tech products, export, patent, financial crisis.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, GREEN INNOVATIONS AND COMPETITIVENESS – A CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP
Author(s): A.V.Kuchumov, E.V. Pecheritsa

The literature often points to a positive relationship between CSR and competitiveness at the organizational level, but there is still little empirical evidence to support this. CSR creates an innovative culture that, through the using of social and environmental components, can create new business models, products, services or processes are improving the performance of the organization, as well as have a beneficial impact on society. The research subject is the relationship between corporate social responsibility, green innovations and competitiveness. The authors argue with the generally accepted theory of CSR, based on the hypothesis of the coincidence of the goals of firms and the interests of society, is irrelevant. In conclusion, the authors divide theories that analyze the determinants of CSR into three main categories: business ethics, business and society, and social problem management.

Keywords: stakeholders, competition, ecological innovations, eco-innovations, sustainable development.

PROBLEMS OF INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF RUSSIA'S SEA TRANSPORT HUBS
Author(s): M.S.Ilyina (Rzhevskaya)

The article defines the position of Russian sea transport hubs (MTН) in the global volumes of cargo exchanges and cargo handling, as well as the place of the designated stevedoring enterprises in the rating of economic results of economic activity in the local market. The level of competitiveness of domestic sea transport hubs in relation to world parameters is estimated using the method of strategic planning, which uses comparative analysis to identify their strengths and weaknesses. Taking into account the results of the analysis, a set of measures has been developed, including three areas of activity to strengthen the competitiveness of Russian MTН: improving the regulatory and legal regulation of activities; infrastructure development; improvement of management systems.

Keywords: maritime transport hub (MTU), maritime transport industry, competitiveness, economic efficiency, cargo turnover, transport infrastructure, seaport, railway transport.

CONTRIBUTION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES TO THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MESO-LEVEL ECONOMY
Author(s): F.Darwich, M.V.Seroshtan

The article presents the results of an analysis of the dynamics of innovative development and an assessment of the contribution of small and medium-sized businesses to the regional economy on the example of the Belgorod region. Positive trends in the change in the main indicators of innovation activity are revealed. It is noted that the sector of small and medium-sized businesses, whose main indicators of mastering innovations exceed the national level, makes a significant contribution to the innovative development of the region's economy. It is shown that despite the stable position of the Belgorod region in the rating of innovative development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as a result of the influence of factors that hinder the activation of innovative processes, the region is experiencing a decrease in the number of small businesses, which does not allow to fully use its innovative potential. The creation of favorable socio-economic conditions, as well as the improvement of mechanisms and tools to support small and medium-sized businesses at all stages of their life cycle, should be considered as one of the strategic directions for the innovative development of the meso-level economy.

Keywords: innovation, innovative development, small business, medium business

DOES RUSSIAN ATHLETICS HAVE ANY FUTURE?
Author(s): A.N Tsatsulin, B.A.Tsatsulin

The article of the authors is devoted to assessing the prospects for the life of the main sport - athletics, which in itself is extremely important, which had a good reputation in the past, many Olympic champions, world records, outstanding coaches, advanced methods and practices for training athletes of the highest sportsmanship category. In recent years, a number of serious violations and doping scandals have led to the fact that Russian athletics has found itself on the sidelines of world sports and has lost the opportunity for full development in connection with the announced sanctions. The purpose of the material is the authors' attempts to study the recent past of the development of Russian athletics, look into the near future and assess the real prospects for overcoming the deepest systemic crisis. The goal determined the tasks, object and subject of applied research within the framework of this article. The presence of a satisfactory information base, literature support on the topic, detailed reviews from the media made it possible to properly organize the study of phenomena and events, to involve statistical methods of analysis and the theory of structural shift, and also draw the necessary conclusions, give the author's recommendations regarding the way out of the current impasse, which has humiliated the dignity of both Russian sports and the Russian state. In particular, we are talking about strict compliance with the requirements of the so-called road map, developed jointly with the Russian side by international organizations IOC, World Athletics, WADA and CAS.

Keywords: athletics, state statistics, reporting form, index method, structural shift, gender, sports doping, sanctions.

SERVICE QUALITY MANAGEMENT BASED ON CUSTOMER VALUE
Author(s): E.O.Soboleva

The article is devoted to the study of the quality of the quality of transport services based on the concept of consumer value. The practical experience of transport enterprises has been studied. The conclusion was made about the need to build a model of the quality management system to rely on consumer value, highlighting the area of responsibility.

Keywords: quality, management, consumer value, zone of responsibility.

ENSURING COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY ON THE BASIS OF THE USE OF MECHANISMS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
Author(s): A.L.Zelezinskii, O.V.Arhipova

The article discusses modern approaches to the implementation of the mechanisms of the concept of public-private partnership in the hotel business, analyzes the degree of influence of public-private partnership on the competitiveness of the hotel business, considers the experience of using public-private partnership in the hospitality industry and assesses the development prospects in the Russian market. It is concluded that projects under the auspices of public-private partnerships are mutually beneficial solutions for government and business, can guarantee state support for business in times of crisis, contribute to the regulation of tourism development with the mutual interest of the partnership parties for the stable development of the country's economy.

 

Keywords: tourism industry, hotel business, Public-Private Partnerships, competition, entrepreneurship.

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF HIGH-TECH GOODS IMPORT IN RUSSIA'S ELECTRONIC TRADE
Author(s): Y.K.Gritsay, V.V.Nikolaev

The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that online sales play an increasingly important role in retail trade and occupy a significant place in international commodity exchange. The article presents an analysis of current trends in the import of high-tech goods in the electronic commerce of the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the substantiation of the main factors affecting the development of trade in the e-commerce segment in the Russian Federation in the current geopolitical conditions, taking into account the impact of economic sanctions.

Keywords: e-commerce, commodity exchange, marketplace, import, high-tech goods.

IN SEARCH OF REDUCING MAN-MADE ACCIDENTS MEASURES IN WATER TRANSPORT FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES
Author(s): Al.Yu.Smirnov, M.N.Koniagina

The article contains the results of a detailed study of man-made accidents in water transport and their causes. The aim of the research was to develop approaches and ideas for the prevention of man-made disasters in water transport. The authors studied and systematized information on the number and severity of man-made disasters in water transport, classified the causes of accidents based on the reports research, studying the cause-and-effect relationships of accidents, proposed approaches to its prevention. This work is written on the basis of summarizing the materials of reports on man-made disasters on water, focusing readers' attention on violations of the ESG principles and contains proposals that can help reduce man-made accidents.

Keywords: accident, man-made disaster, water transport, sustainable development, ESG.

TRANSFORMATION OF THE ROLE OF PROPERTY INSURANCE IN THE ECONOMIC SECURITY SYSTEM OF THE REGION
Author(s): N.A. Gribanova

The article deals with topical issues of transformation of the role of property insurance in the system of economic security of the region. The socio-cultural and economic prerequisites and consequences of the development of the insurance risk protection system are analyzed. The interrelation of the indicators of the effectiveness of property insurance with the food-financial, structural-demographic and information-providing blocks of the economic security system of the region is substantiated. The directions of further research and ways of creating an integration mechanism of insurance and a regional system of economic security are proposed.

Keywords: property insurance, insurance efficiency, economic security, regional economy, integration mechanism, strategic development of the region.

BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT: COGNITIVE BIASES IN PROJECT PLANNING
Author(s): A.I. Yakovchuk

The article considers the project management in the context of behavioral economics and through the prism of cognitive biases. It presents the review of biases essential for project planning and management, the most common of them are considered in their interconnection leading to underestimation of costs and timing of the project and overestimation of the planned effect. Practically, the only way to minimize the impact of cognitive biases on project planning for project managers is to focus on a comparative analysis of planned factors with factors of already complete projects.

Keywords: project management, behavioral economics, cognitive biases, optimism bias, uniqueness bias, planning fallacy.

INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IN CRISIS CONDITIONS
Author(s): V.V. Nikolaev

The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that the inventory management system is one of the most vulnerable places in the operation of an enterprise in crisis conditions. The article discusses various approaches to the management of inventories, taking into account the factors of uncertainty. The purpose of the article is to analyze the elements (blocks) that affect the inventory management system and determine the main directions for optimizing the inventory of an enterprise. The author conducted a retrospective study of the latest economic crises in Russia. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the development of recommendations for the management of inventories in conditions of economic instability with a breakdown of crisis situations into blocks, which makes it possible to systematize the tasks solved by the management and employees of the enterprise.

Keywords: inventory, inventory management, logistics, supply chain, economic crisis.

SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF LOGISTICS SUPPLY CHAINS IN A GEOPOLITICAL CRISIS
Author(s): O.V.Malikhina, A.N.Nazarova

The article considers how global supply chains are collapsing as a result of the events in Ukraine and the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions around the world. It is reported that companies have not yet had time to recover from the problems caused by the pandemic, as an even greater logistical crisis hit.

Keywords: supply chains, freight transport, transport, supply disruptions, impact of sanctions, logistical crisis.

HR MANAGEMENT OF MUNICIPAL ECONOMY IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION
Author(s): M.A. Liubarskaia, E.A.Mustafaev, G.I.Kvekveskiri

The article substantiates the relevance of taking into account the trend of introducing digital technologies when improving personnel management systems. The authors define the current state of urban enterprises as problematic and name human resources as one of the reasons. The novelty of the approach lies in the definition of three categories of factors, including technological, motivational and educational, which contribute to improving the efficiency of personnel management of urban enterprises in the context of digitalization.

Keywords: human resources, digitalization, municipal economy, professional standard, training and retraining of personnel.

THE IMPACT OF REMOTE WORK ON THE EFFICIENCY OF PERSONNEL
Author(s): L.V.Kostyuk, O.A.Dudyreva

This article discusses the concept of remote work, the concept of efficiency, the impact of remote work on the efficiency of personnel. The necessity of taking into account the transition to remote work in management and HR management is justified. The reasons for innovations in personnel management related to the emerging epidemiological situation in the world are investigated. With the help of a focus group, the main problems and factors that have the greatest impact on the efficiency of the staff are identified.

Keywords: remote work, efficiency, remote type of employment, personnel management.

FEATURES OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR CONDUCTING AN ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF MARITIME TRANSPORT HUBS
Author(s): M.S.Ilyina (Rzhevskaya)

The article considers a methodology for determining the economic efficiency of the functioning of the maritime transport hub (MTU) within the framework of the activities of the maritime transport industry. The main emphasis is placed on the adaptation of the methodology to the industry specifics, which determines the use in assessing the effectiveness of the MTU of such indicators as two types of cargo turnover – economic and transshipment, the rhythm of cargo arrival, the coefficient of uneven cargo turnover, the cost of processing one ton of cargo, etc. A scheme for economic analysis of the sectoral efficiency of the MTU in the form of a specific set of indicators and the sequence of their assessment is proposed.

Keywords: maritime transport hub (MTH), maritime transport industry, economic efficiency, capacity, cargo turnover, rhythmicity, ship circulation, wagon turnover.

PPLICATION OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT METHODS TO MANAGE A PUBLIC CULTURAL INSTITUTION
Author(s): A.A.Dorogovtseva, M.F.Knyazeva

The article deals with the main theoretical principles of strategic management. At a practical level, methods for applying an assessment of the internal and external environment, drawing up a strategy are analyzed using the example of state institution in the field of culture - a city library. The risks and prospects for the development of methodology in the non-profit sector are assessed.

Keywords: strategic management; internal and external environment of the organization; organizational innovation; library industry; innovation risks.

SOCIAL ENGINEERING, IMPERFECT HUMAN
Author(s): J.Neumeier, K. Lemaire, A.P.Taburchak, A.L.Zelezinskii

The article introduces the concept of "Social Engineering". This term is used for a broad range of malicious activities accomplished through human interactions. The previous year has seen an enormous increase in the studies related to social engineering. This increase is partly due to the increasing number of social engineering attacks and partly due to people's inability to identify the attack. The authors define the subject of social engineering from a Cyber Security professional perspective. A literature review from the information technology, psychology, and business disciplines explains the interconnected nature of the topic as well as the necessity to comprehend it from multiple viewpoints. The article presents several case studies of successful attacks performed as well as their efficacy.

Keywords: Social Engineering; Information Security; Psychology of Information Security; Ethics; Threat Agent.

INVESTING IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY: NEW DEVELOPMENT FORMAT
Author(s): V.A.Chernenko, A.A. Voronov, I.A.Reznik

The article deals with the macroeconomic problems of the Russian economy in the conditions of the economic war of unfriendly countries. The instruments and directions of regulation of the national economy are proposed.

Keywords: economic war, national interests, investment model, resource potential, financial policy, regulation, import substitution, economic growth.

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