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Economic vector 2025 1(40)

A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION: AN EXAMPLE OF WEB OF SCIENCE
Author(s): Shahidli Shujaat

In this study, it is aimed to map the evolution of the concept and the studies conducted on the concept of entrepreneurial intention. In the study, using quantitative data, a systematic summary of the existing literature on entrepreneurial intention, which is one of the most important stages of the entrepreneurship process and an important part of this process, using bibliometric analysis and presenting it to the attention of those working in this field, is carried out with the aim of revealing how studies have been conducted on the concept and what gaps exist. The unit of analysis is based on the bibliometric data of different types of works scanned in the Web of Science database and published between 2006–2025 (until February 18).

Keywords: entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship self-efficacy, self-efficacy, theory of planned behavior.

MODERN CHALLENGES IN BUSINESSES WITHIN THE SCOPE OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Author(s): Coşkun, Ahmet

Digital transformation is continuing to give a new form to industries, altering the way we work, interact, and consume. This paper examines three key areas of this transformation: new modes of working, the Internet of Things (IoT), and influencer marketing, exploring both their potential and the challenges they bear. We analyze the evolving work landscape, considering the benefits and drawbacks of remote work and the gig economy. We also explore IoT's transformative power through its revolutionizing urban transportation within the channel of micromobility solutions, while addressing crucial economic and societal concerns. Finally, we discuss the increasing acceptance of influencer marketing, focusing on its effectiveness, advantages and touching on the challenges of authenticity. By examining these interconnected areas, this paper aims to identify key trends, potential pitfalls, and strategies for navigating this complex digital landscape.

Keywords: digital transformation, Internet of things, influencer marketing, micro mobile solutions.

THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A MODERN BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT TREND
Author(s): E.V. Kozlyaeva, I.Y.Krylova

The article examines the role of artificial intelligence in the development of the economy. An assessment of the main areas of AI application and the economic effect of its use is given. Examples of the use of AI in Russian companies are given. The main problems of implementing AI in various sectors of the economy and the tasks to overce them are outlined.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, business processes, economic sectors, government regulation.

INVESTMENT SYNERGY IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Author(s): V.A. Chernenko, B.P. Ivchenko, A.A. Voronov

The article examines the issues of investing in the economy, proposes a definition of economic synergy, substantiates the relationship of regulatory instruments on the investment process; identifies problems of investment activity. The reasons for the functioning of state funds in conditions of high cost of borrowed capital are proven and substantiated.

Keywords: synergy, investment activity, investment climate, government funds, macroeconomic regulation, economic sustainability.

MAPPING OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON "MATHEMATICAL MODELLING" IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION: A SCOPUS CASE STUDY
Author(s): Berrak Halil İbrahim, Yeşilbudak Nisa

Mathematical modelling, as a universal language of modern science, is an indispensable mathematical skill that transforms complex real-world problems into quantitative and systematic frameworks, enhances prediction accuracy, optimizes decision-making processes, and guides the development of interdisciplinary solutions. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to map scientific publications on mathematical modelling in mathematics education. Bibliometric analysis is a statistical method used to identify, evaluate, and track published literature through bibliometric data, including citation information related to authors, publications, institutions, journals, and countries. A total of 536 publications in the categories of Mathematics and Social Sciences from the Scopus database were analyzed. Findings reveal that the most prolific countries are the United States, Germany, and Spain, while the most influential journals are ZDM-Mathematics Education, ZDM-International Journal on Mathematics Education, and Journal of Engineering Education. Additionally, the conceptual structure of mathematical modelling is visualized and presented.

Keywords: mathematical modeling, mapping, mathematics education, bibliometric.

INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF THE FINANCIAL CONDITION OF AN ENTERPRISE AS A TOOL FOR MAKING MANAGERIAL DECISIONS
Author(s): M.N. Moskalenko

The article is devoted to the development of a universal methodology for express analysis of an enterprise based on the approach of calculating an integral indicator, which will allow you to easily and quickly determine the financial condition of the company. The article reflects the main stages of creating a methodology, the results of which are important for evaluating the effectiveness of financial activities of enterprises and for making correct and rational management decisions in conditions of uncertainty of market conditions.

Keywords: integral assessment, express analysis, financial condition of the enterprise, management decisions.

ESG BOND MARKET IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: CURRENT STATE
Author(s): P.V.Dudkina

The ESG bond market in Russia reflects the country's desire to integrate the principles of environmental sustainability, social responsibility and corporate governance into the financial system. This article analyzes the current state of ESG bond placements by Russian issuers and the development trends of this market. In the period from 2022 to 2024, the market adapted to global challenges. The main focus is on the structure of the issue and placement of ESG bonds, as well as the factors influencing the dynamics. Key problems hindering the spread of ESG financing are considered. The author of the article proposes comprehensive measures to activate the market and develop infrastructure. Despite economic and geopolitical difficulties, the Russian ESG bond market shows significant potential. Successful issues confirm the possibility of improving the corporate image and increasing investment attractiveness through the integration of ESG criteria. To overcome barriers and develop this segment, it is necessary to combine the efforts of the state, business and the financial community.

Keywords: sustainable development, ESG bonds, Russian market, green bonds, social bonds, climate transition, environment.

"GREEN" INVESTMENTS IN TIMES OF CHANGE
Author(s): M.D. Potapova, M.N. Koniagina

Considering the ethical aspects of socially responsible investing, the authors in their article ask whether the so-called "green" investing remains relevant, considering the current international crises and political changes in the countries – ideological flagships of the ESG agenda. Despite the analysis of the market of "green" bonds and domestic companies implementing the principles of sustainable development in their activities, the answer is ambiguous. Investing in "green" bonds has many advantages. However, despite the smaller number of disadvantages, the weight of the latter in making investment decisions may prevail. It remains obvious only to recognize that ESG is an ideology, including an investment one, on the consolidation of which in the minds of many people depends on the salvation of the planet and our usual way of life. The article contains arguments that make sustainable development more attractive and even economically efficient, which makes it interesting for supporters of the "green" agenda and economists developing investment strategies.

Keywords: investments, green bonds, socially responsible investing, sustainable development, sustainable companies, financial instruments, ESG.

INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AS A FACTOR OF ORGANIZATIONAL AMBIDEXTERITY
Author(s): S.Yu. Pogozheva

This paper explores organizational ambidexterity, the essence of which lies in the ability to combine current activities with the search and development. The study of published practice shows that this is a rather difficult task and not all organizations can cope with it, framing the question for scientiﬁc inquiry into conditions and mechanisms for effective organizational ambidexterity. This paper contributes to the study of a set of factors that allow organizations to successfully implement an ambidextrous strategy, defines the characteristics and components of intellectual capital as a source of organizations' ambidextrous abilities, highlights main areas for future research.

Keywords: organizational ambidexterity, innovation, exploration, exploitation, intellectual capital, human capital, strategic management, human resource management, knowledge management.

ON THE RELEVANCE OF TRANSFORMING CORPORATE STRATEGIES OF COMPANIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF SANCTIONS RESTRICTIONS
Author(s): V.S. Merkusheva, E.A. Perkov

The article reveals the mechanism of formation of conditions for transformation of corporate strategies under the influence of imposed sanctions. The authors note the focus of modern research on the issues of influence of international sanctions or policy changes on the general economy of the country, with a relatively limited analysis of their specific impact on corporate strategies. As a scientific novelty, it is necessary to note the author’s grouping of the most common sanctions by types of restrictions and the detailing of changes in elements of the business activities of companies caused by these groups of sanctions. In particular, the authors considered restrictions on access to resource suppliers, to consumers of products and services, to technologies and to sources of capital.

Keywords: corporate strategy, company, oil and gas sector, corporate social responsibility, low-carbon development, sanctions.

GLOBAL INNOVATION PROJECTS: MANAGEMENT UNDER GEOPOLITICAL RISKS
Author(s): D.M. Kasatkin

The article examines strategies for managing global innovation projects in the context of increasing geopolitical risks. The key challenges faced by large companies in implementing cross-border projects are analyzed, including restrictions on access to technology, financial resources, and international markets. Adaptive approaches to localizing research and development, diversifying supply chains, and using alternative sources of financing are proposed. Particular attention is paid to developing strategies to prevent geopolitical risks with subsequent minimization of their impact on the company's development. The results of the study may be useful for heads of innovation and investment units, as well as for developers of corporate strategies in an unstable global environment.

Keywords: innovative projects, global innovative projects, innovations, sanctions, geopolitical risks, trade barriers, localization of projects, venture investments, international cooperation, risk analysis.

REGISTRATION FORMS FOR SMALL JEWELRY BUSINESS WORKING WITH PRECIOUS STONES AND METALS
Author(s): O.V. Umgaeva

The jewelry business in the sphere of turnover of precious metals and stones (DMDK) operates in various forms proposed by Russian legislation. In 2024, a registration form as a jeweler artist is additionally proposed for manufacturers who individually produce precious products. A comparative assessment of the current forms of registration of the jewelry business emphasizes the need to clarify some concepts of legislation, since based on the mechanism for obtaining the status of an artist-jeweler, there are no obvious benefits for participants yet.

In the author's opinion, the status of an artist-jeweler can be clarified within the framework of current tax legislation for individuals, as well as the self-employed. At the same time, the accounting procedure for precious raw materials used for the manufacture of jewelry by an individual manufacturer should be simplified: the time for production (creativity) should not exceed the time of its documentation.

Keywords: jewelry business, registration forms, jeweler artist, self-employed, precious stones, precious metals

JEL: D20, E62, G18, H25

Funding: the article was prepared as part of the research work under the state assignment of the Financial Research Institute.

For citation: Umgaeva O.V. (2025). Registration forms for small jewelry business working with precious stones and metals // The economic vector, 2025. № , (In Russ.). https://

STRATEGIES OF PLATFORM DEVELOPMENT OF RETAIL COMPANIES
Author(s): I.V. Sonts

The present paper contains a classification of models of platform development of retail companies. The main strategies of platform development are identified. The paper demonstrates that absence of platform development can be considered as a separate strategy of platform development. It is demonstrated that for different areas of its activity, a trade company can choose different strategies of platform development. The paper demonstrates that platform development can be implemented by both platform and non-platform trading companies.

Keywords: digital retail platform, retail, platform development.

EXPANSION OF ASSORTMENT POLICY AS A FACTOR OF PROMOTION OF ACCOMMODATION ENTERPRISES
Author(s): A.L.Zelezinskii, O.V.Arhipova, E.S. Mikhailov

The article is devoted to the consideration of the problem of development of communicative skills of the staff of hospitality enterprises on the basis of non-classical methods. The authors, in particular, describe the formation and details of the concept on the development of communication skills of employees of different cultures on the example of the hospitality sphere. The concept is based on psychological experiments and mathematical theory. The authors consider three interrelated stages of the concept.

Keywords: communication skills, personnel, hotel business, experiment, relationship development concept, cross-cultural management.

THE IMPACT OF THE ELECTRIC POWER SECTOR ON THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF MANUFACTURING CORPORATIONS
Author(s): E.N. Sokolova, S.N.Astafurov

This article discusses the impact of the electric power sector on the strategic development of manufacturing corporations. The electric power industry is a key industry that provides energy supply, formation of economic conditions and business sustainability. Special attention is paid to the influence of tariff policy, environmental requirements and regional specifics on the strategic planning of corporations. Measures that promote competitiveness are examined, including the introduction of energy efficient technologies, modernization of energy infrastructure and development of renewable energy sources. Examples are given of the multiplier effects of investments in the electricity sector and their importance for the economy is discussed. It emphasizes the need for coordination between government, corporations and energy companies to ensure sustainable development. Global challenges are analyzed, including the transition to a low-carbon economy, the regional specificity of tariffs, and the role of investment in energy infrastructure modernization. Measures are proposed to reduce energy costs, improve the competitiveness of industrial enterprises and ensure sustainable economic growth.

Keywords: electric power industry, industrial corporations, energy supply, tariff policy, energy efficiency, strategic planning, renewable energy, regional policy, digital economy, investment.

CURRENT TRENDS IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT (REGIONAL ASPECT)
Author(s): I.L.Polyakova, Yu.E.Kholodilina

The article presents the main trends in the development of tourism from the standpoint of tourist demand. The authors highlight the trends in the improvement and development of the tourist product and the trends in improving the quality of service. The main trends in the development of the tourism sector are presented: "collecting travel", traveling on special occasions, immersion in local culture, transformational travel, expertise of tourism managers, "concierge and wish service". Tourism development trends are considered by the authors on the example of the Orenburg region.

Keywords: tourism sector, trends, region, local tourist area, tourist.

INCREASING REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY THROUGH PROMOTING CERTAIN CONCEPTS IN THE REAL ESTATE MARKET
Author(s): M.A. Liubarskaia, K.V. Glazkov

The article is devoted to the consideration of current issues of sustainable development of the real estate sector in the region. The author substantiates the need to form market demand for real estate with a high level of environmental friendliness and energy efficiency, which will contribute to increasing the level of the corresponding types of efficiency in the region. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the proposed approach to the use of social advertising and the formation of an order for the construction industry to build real estate that meets modern requirements for sustainable development. This includes the use of local materials and energy-saving technologies, involving local communities in the discussion and implementation of construction projects and ensuring consistency with the development strategy of the territory as a whole.

Keywords: region, environmental efficiency, energy efficiency, development strategy, real estate market.

ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF PRODUCTION PROCESSES
Author(s): O.A. Dudyreva, L.V.Kostyuk, L.S.Gogua

The article analyzes modern approaches to the classification of production processes. Classifications of production processes "by the nature of the equipment used" and "by the degree of continuity" are considered in detail. The criterion of continuous and discontinuous production processes is formulated. The classification of the levels of automation of processes in the production system is proposed.

Keywords: classification, production process, continuous and discontinuous (discrete) processes, automation, digitalization of production.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STANDARDS FOR THE EXECUTION OF TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR LAYING ENGINEERING NETWORKS USING THE EXAMPLE THE NORTH-WESTERN DISTRICT
Author(s): V.A. Drabenko, I.V.Kuznetsov, D.V. Drabenko, Val.A.Drabenko

Compliance with technical conditions in the design and implementation of infrastructure projects contributes to the creation of a reliable and safe urban environment, and is also a prerequisite for improving the quality of public services. Regulatory requirements for laying engineering networks, both at the federal and regional levels, vary significantly, which can create additional difficulties for contractors and designers. The article examines and highlights the regulatory requirements specifically for the North-Western District.

Keywords: engineering networks, regulatory documentation, infrastructure.

THE ESSENCE OF THE CONCEPT OF "PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE"
Author(s): M.B. Afaunova

This article examines the essence and content of the economic category "production potential of an industrial enterprise", determines the importance of production potential and its impact on the economic stability of an economic entity. In turn, the efficiency of using a manufacturing enterprise depends on many factors of the external and internal environment, which should be carefully monitored, analyzed and adapted to the production process depending on the business conditions in the period under review. The relevance lies in the fact that it is necessary to develop modern strategies that increase the magnitude and level of use of production potential. In conditions of limited production, the problem of balancing the complex of resources for the production of competitive products is of particular scientific and practical importance. The level of organization of the production process is most fully reflected in the efficiency of using the production potential. The characteristic features of the production potential are considered. The necessity of a systematic approach in the study of the concept of "production potential of an enterprise" is emphasized. Special attention is paid to the impact of production potential on the value of the enterprise. The author's interpretation of the term "production potential of an industrial enterprise" is proposed in the article.

Keywords: industrial enterprise, production potential, systematic approach, resources, factors of internal and external environment, economic stability.

ANALYSIS OF MODERN APPROACHES FOR MANAGING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF AN ECONOMIC ENTITY
Author(s): D.A. Chernyavskaya, A.A. Panfilova

The article analyzes modern approaches to managing the competitiveness of an economic entity, builds a competitiveness model, an algorithm for managing competitiveness, describes the main methods of analyzing business processes, formulates indicators and factors of the competitiveness of the organization, and draws conclusions.

Keywords: competitiveness, methodology, management, business processes.

CAN AUCTION SALES BE CLASSIFIED AS BEST PRACTICE FOR THE PRESERVATION OF HISTORICAL CITIES? PART 1
Author(s): A.N. Tsatsulin

The article once again raises the issues of preserving immovable cultural heritage sites in St. Petersburg, where in recent years the problems of their preservation have sharply worsened, cases of unauthorized demolition, removal of protected status, lowering the level of significance, uncoordinated alterations of the external and internal decoration of historical buildings-monuments have become more frequent. All this leads to the loss of authenticity of the urban environment of the northern capital and almost to the irretrievable loss of objects of national wealth. However, the material of this article included an analysis of the information that contains the experience of implementing the Program "one ruble per square meter" in relation to buildings of monuments of different levels of significance of historical megalopolises objects with the involvement of auction trading technologies prescribed in Russian legislation. The purpose of the study is to find, if not the best, then at least an optimal way to preserve immovable cultural heritage sites of historical cities on the example of St. Petersburg with the involvement of auction trading tools and in the context of overcoming serious difficulties in the development of the national economy. In terms of materials and methods of research, in addition to regulatory acts concerning the substantive side within the strictly defined boundaries of the legal field, the methodology and technique of the probabilistic approach were used in the work, in particular, the frequency variety of the objective probability concept, as well as the principles of uncertainty, invariance, methods of formal logic and expert assessments, methods of the general theory of statistics and business valuation. The obtained results of the study include an analysis of existing practices for the transfer of immovable cultural heritage objects to investors and the proposed probabilistic-statistical model for establishing the final price of the proposed lot during auction sales of objects. The article ends with brief conclusions.

Keywords: immovable cultural heritage objects, property rights, cadastral and market value, uncertainty, probabilistic approach, multicollinearity of features, auction bidding, lot.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION
Author(s): E.Pushkashu, D.Y. Salko

Innovations in the modern world have a major economic significance. It becomes necessary to adapt in a timely manner to respond to new challenges. Thus, this article will focus on the consequences of exponential growth of changes, current principles of management in the organization and transformational changes in the management of the company, which emphasizes the relevance of the transition to multipolar management.

Keywords: change, innovation, adaptation, management, system.

OPTIMIZATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES IN THE SPHERE OF TECHNICAL SUPPORT OF THE SYSTEM OF SALES OF NEW CARS IN DEALER CENTERS
Author(s): О.D Pokrovskaya, M.G. Davudov, E.D. Pasechnik

The article discusses ways to transform business processes for preparing new cars for sale in dealerships, considers the need to introduce an EAM system into the corporate information platform of a dealership in order to increase the efficiency of business process assessment.

Keywords: digitalization of the automotive business, logistics process, business processes of a car dealer, optimization of the business process of preparing a commercial vehicle for sale.

THE EVOLUTION OF THE CUSTOMER VALUE CONCEPT AND ITS ROLE IN THE COMPETITIVENESS OF A B2B COMPANY
Author(s): S.B. Medvedev

This article examines how the understanding of customer value has changed over time – from classical economic approaches to modern digital and ecosystem approaches. It examines the key differences between B2B and B2C, including aspects such as decision-making and value perception. It also examines the role of digital technologies and artificial intelligence in creating value for the B2B market. It also raises another important topic – why traditional models no longer always work in a rapidly changing world, where customer value is created jointly and depends on many factors, especially in the context of network interaction. Based on the analysis, it suggests areas for further research aimed at developing integrated methods for assessing and managing value in the context of modern realities.

Keywords: customer value, B2B sales, digital transformation, artificial intelligence, ecosystem approach, value management, competitiveness.

FEATURES OF STATE REGULATION IN TOURISM
Author(s): A.V. Kuchumov, I.Yu.Bogdanov, P.Y.Eremicheva

The article examines the specifics of state regulation of the tourism sector, including methods and areas of state support for the tourism complex. The authors highlight both direct and indirect methods of regulation, emphasizing their impact on the economic sector and related industries. The emphasis is also placed on the importance of state regulation for ensuring sustainable tourism development and the role of public-private partnerships (PPP) in this process. The work formulates the general goals of state tourism policy, such as ensuring tourism growth in the sector, planning the spatial distribution of resources and ensuring the safety of tourists. The need for an integrated approach to state regulation is emphasized, which considers socio-cultural and economic aspects, and promotes interaction between various stakeholders.

Keywords: tourism, government management, public private partnership, tourism complex, management, state governance

THE ACTUAL QUESTIONS OF TAX REGIME FOR CITIZENS TRANSFORMATION AS A PART OF SOCIALLY ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Author(s): A.V. Lebedeva, E.N. Novikova

First for the last quarter-century big transformations of the tax-regime take place in Russia. The transformations affect all groups of taxpayers and many kinds of taxes. The article is dedicated to the research of the actual questions of tax regime transformation with a special attention to the changes of the personal income tax scale. The forecasts of the changes of the tax revenue for the budget are analyzed, the comparison with the western experience is conducted and the influence of these changes on the labour market and the economy as a whole is defined.

Keywords: tax regime, tax reform, taxes, personal income tax, tax deduction, budget, occupation.

FORMATION OF A CULTURE OF SOCIAL SECURITY OF STUDENTS
Author(s): T.V. Karmanovskaya

The formation of a culture of social security is an important component for the development of a versatile personality. The work analyzes the main characteristics of the concept of “social security”, and highlights the directions and principles of forming a culture of social security. The results of the survey conducted among students studying in the field of training Advertising and Public Relations on the topic of the study are presented, their ideas about the level of social security in society are analyzed. The main directions underlying the step-by-step formation of a culture of social security are determined for the analysis of the information needs of future specialists.

Keywords: social security, digital technologies, innovative solutions, safety culture, human protection.

INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF TOURISM CLUSTERS: THE ROLE OF COMPETITION AND PARTNERSHIP
Author(s): M.V.Voloshinova, A.V.Kuchumov, P.Y. Eremicheva

The article examines the structure of a tourism cluster with an emphasis on the organization of the institutional environment. The authors analyze the connections between the elements of the cluster system and the specifics of their communication with the external environment. The work classifies the forms of interaction between participants in a tourism cluster and studies the position of the institution of competitive cooperation in this system. The main characteristics of the institution of external communications and its components are identified, and the features of partnership and competitive relationships are studied. The essence of external and internal agents of a tourism cluster is considered in the context of the institution of competition and partnership.

Keywords: tourism, clusters, tourism cluster, institutional environment, institute of competition, partnership, cluster system.

THE PHILOSOPHY OF LEAN MANUFACTURING OF STRUCTURAL MATERIALS
Author(s): M.I. Radzhabov, V.E. Bydanov, G.K. Ivakhniuk

The philosophy of lean manufacturing (LM) is a modern management approach aimed at maximizing value for the customer while minimizing losses. This article examines the key principles of LM, its historical roots, its impact on organizational culture and ethical aspects. Examples of successful implementation of LM in various industries and its role in sustainable development are also discussed.

Keywords: lean manufacturing, structural materials, sustainable development.