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Economic vector 2024 4(39)

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DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AS A WAY TO IMPROVE BUSINESS PROCESSES
Author(s): V.A.Miroshnichenko, I.G.Mishchenko

Digital transformation is becoming an integral part of the modern business world, providing companies with opportunities to optimize and reimagine their processes. The introduction of digital technologies allows not only to improve efficiency, but also to radically change the approach to interaction with clients and partners. Big data, artificial intelligence and cloud solutions open up new horizons for analysis and forecasting, which in turn contributes to more informed management decisions.

The article discusses the main features and trends of digital transformation and the use of various digital technologies. The reasons for the non-use of digital technologies are analyzed. It is revealed what an assessment of “digital maturity” implies, the stages of digital transformation are considered, as well as the dynamics of costs for new and traditional information and communication technologies. It has been proven that digital transformation is necessary for the effective distribution of labor between personnel and the formation of an organizational structure.

Keywords: digitization, digitalization, digital technologies, digital transformation, innovation, business models

METHOD OF ASSESSING THE INVESTMENT QUALITIES OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS
Author(s): M.N. Moskalenko

The article examines the essence and general features of financial investments that determine their investment qualities, the assessment of which depends on the assessment methodology used. The selection and formation of an investment portfolio is an individual process that depends on the financial goals, attitude to risk and knowledge of the investor. At the same time, there are methodological approaches to the analysis of markets and prices for financial instruments, the use of which is an important applied tool for the development of investment processes in general. A potential investor evaluates the investment qualities of financial investments using various methods and approaches to analysis. The results of the analysis will be the investment decision made. The practical significance of the methodology presented in the work lies in the fact that it can be used in the process of teaching the basics of financial literacy as part of the general educational process in various areas of management.

Keywords: investment portfolio, financial instruments, investment strategy.

FORMATION OF PROMISING DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF FINANCIAL MONITORING ORGANIZATION IN CREDIT INSTITUTIONS
Author(s): D.F. Zakirova

In the modern world, permeated by complex economic ties and the rapid development of technology, the problem of money laundering and terrorist financing (hereinafter referred to as ML/FT) is becoming increasingly threatening. The state is faced with the urgent task of developing effective mechanisms to counter these negative phenomena, while it is extremely important to find a balance between ensuring securities and preserving the economic freedom of citizens. On the one hand, the fight against ML/FT requires the creation of bangs and an effective system of government regulation. On the other hand, excessive tightening of control and excessive government interference in economic activity can lead to an increase in the administrative burden on business, a decrease in the country's investment attractiveness, restriction of freedom of entrepreneurship and even an increase in the shadow sector of the economy.

The complexity of the task is aggravated by a number of factors, among which are the globalization and digitalization of the financial system, the growth of transnational crime, and the lack of effectiveness of international cooperation. At the same time, given that most of the crimes under ML/FT occur with the active participation of credit and financial institutions, the main direction of countering emerging trends is the organization of financial monitoring in banks.

Keywords: money laundering, national AML/CFT system, banks, biometrics, financial monitoring, customer identification

INNOVATIVE USAGE SOLUTIONS CONSUMER WASTE
Author(s): А.А.Dorogovtseva, T.V. Karmanovskaya

Modern trends in the development of the technological world lead to increased interest in the field of eco-design, combine and link a set of measures to restore the ecosystem, and form new geochemical cycles necessary for the surrounding world. The article presents the experience of various companies that give a second life to waste, which helps to attract attention in the global design space and is an important area of development and the possibility of implementing creative ideas.

Keywords: environmental friendliness, waste, raw materials, innovative solutions, design approach, recycling of waste.

MODERN RISK MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
Author(s): M.Y.Tarasenko, S.K.M. Steinmeier, A.L. Zelezinskii

The increase in the rate of system-wide impact of negative risks on the activities of organizations in the global economy obliges top management to form an industry-oriented approach to risk management. This study is devoted to the adaptation of a conservative approach to risk classification, the analysis of world experience in the use of tools to combat the impact of risks on the activities of enterprises, as well as the formation of a primary approach to the implementation of a comprehensive methodology-risk management, taking into account the Russian specifics of doing business.

Keywords: risk management, risk management techniques, risk management tools, efficiency assessment, economic and financial stability, identification and assessment of risks.

THE APPLICATION OF INNOVATIONS IN MARITIME TRANSPORT ON THE EXAMPLE OF KYMA SHIP PERFORMANCE
Author(s): D.Y.Salko

This article discusses an innovation in the field of maritime transport – Kyma Ship Performance, designed to monitor the overall performance of the vessel, allowing shipowners to significantly save fuel costs.

Keywords: innovation, monitoring, productivity, efficiency, marine fleet, transport.

 

THE RATIO OF PSEUDO-INVESTMENTS AND PSEUDO-INNOVATIONS
Author(s): D.M. Kasatkin

The article analyzes the issues of the essence and qualifying features of pseudo-investments and pseudo-innovations. Pseudo-investments can be understood as both an economic phenomenon consisting in investing funds in projects that, if properly assessed, will be ineffective, and a legal phenomenon in which investments are collected for obvious fraud. The emergence of pseudo-innovations is possible only in the first case, since in the case of a crime, as a rule, there is no result at all, companies curtail their activities without providing any result. The main goal of the work is to identify the pattern of interaction between pseudo-investments and pseudo-innovations and to propose the most effective system for assessing projects, which will allow us to filter out failed ones in advance. Pseudo-innovations must be distinguished from those projects that involve a high degree of risk, for example, from clinical trials of new treatments or new drugs.

Keywords: pseudo-investments, pseudo-innovations, investments, innovations, anti-innovations, fictitious investments

I.L.Yakushev, E.N. Sokolova
Author(s): GLOBAL ELECTRIC SERVICES MARKET RESEARCH: SECTOR ANALYSIS AND FORECAST FOR THE PERIOD FROM 2024 TO 2030. ANALYSIS OF TRENDS AND CHANGES IN THE MARKET

The electric services market is an important segment of the economy, which has a significant impact on people's lives and the global economic system. However, significant changes and market growth are expected in the period from 2024 to 2030. Global analysis and forecast reveal a number of trends and dependencies that will help predict future trends and changes in the electric services market. These statistics will become necessary for manufacturers, suppliers and consumers of electrical services, as well as for financiers, scientists and business consultants working in this industry. Knowing the current market position and its opportunities for the future will help firms develop effective plans and make strategically important decisions that contribute to growth and successful establishment in this volatile and competitive field. It is important to note that the global electric services market expects not only stable growth, but also the emergence of additional probabilities over the next decade. This requires all stakeholders to be prepared for changes and adapt to new market demands and strategies. One of the main directions in the electric services market is the transition to reliable and renewable energy sources. In light of the growing intellectual understanding of industrial equilibrium, more and more enterprises and consumers are choosing to use alternative sources of electricity, such as solar and wind energy. All these technologies open up new opportunities for the development and implementation of innovative technologies in the production and distribution of electrical services.

Keywords: electric services market, energy sources, functionality of electrical systems, institutional power supply, energy infrastructure, efficiency of electrical business, advanced technological solutions, energy management, modernization of power grids, micro grids, renewable energy, electrical infrastructure.

INNOVATION MANAGEMENT IN THE SERVICE SECTOR
Author(s): V.A. Tkachev, A.V. Kuchumov, P.Yu.Eremicheva

This article describes the concept of management and its characteristic features, analyzes the significance of the main elements of innovative management in the service sector. The authors explored the intersection of entrepreneurial initiatives and innovative solutions in strategic management and identified the features of radical innovation. The specifics of determining the goals of an enterprise when building an innovation strategy, taking into account the role of human resources, are revealed.

Keywords: innovation, innovation management, management, service sector, innovative product.

I.L.Yakushev, E.N. Sokolova

CORPORATE HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN TRANSFORMATION ECONOMY
Author(s): S.Y. Pogozheva

Currently, the Russian economy is characterized, on the one hand, by a shortage of personnel, on the other hand, by the need for structural adjustment, technological development and increased labor productivity. In these conditions, the burden on the formation and development of human capital largely falls on the business sector. The article presents an analysis of the factors and trends of the transformation of the Russian economy and the impact of the latter on the practice of corporate human capital management.

 

Keywords: human capital management, the transformation of the Russian economy, the labor market, digitalization of industry, HR branding, motivation.

THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR THE SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
Author(s): M.A. Liubarskaia, M.A. Lesovoy

The article shows the importance of financial and non-financial information in various areas, examines the historical aspects of the formation of requirements for integrated reporting as a brief form of communication about the strategy, management, performance results and prospects of the organization, taking into account its external environment. The authors substantiate that the importance of relevant and reliable information increases within the framework of project activities, and especially in the development and implementation of infrastructure projects. The availability of integrated financial and non-financial information ensures transparency in interaction between project participants, facilitates the task of monitoring the situation with the implementation of the project, allows for effective management of the impact of the project on the environment and ensures the minimization of negative consequences.

Keywords: information support, strategic planning, financial reporting, non-financial information, project.

THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF THE ENTERPRISE OF THE MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX BASED ON THE CREATION OF HIGH-TECH PRODUCTION
Author(s): S.A.Koytov, O.P. Shchetnikov

The article provides an analysis of the external and internal environment of a military-industrial enterprise. A strategy has been developed to increase production capacity by building high-tech production equipped with additive machines. The calculation of cash flows showed a significant reduction in production costs, particularly for innovative elements with improved topology.

Keywords: strategic development, military-industrial complex, additive technologies, competitive advantages.

CHANGES IN THE VOLUME OF INTERNATIONAL LABOR MIGRATION IN RUSSIA AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF RESTRICTIVE (QUARANTINE) MEASURES
Author(s): V.A.Drabenko, D.V. Drabenko, R.O. Velichko

This article analyzes the impact of restrictive measures imposed by the international community related to the COVID-19 pandemic on the processes of international labor migration in Russia, in particular, a statistical assessment of foreign labor migrants arriving in the Russian Federation for the period from the beginning of 2019 to the end of 2021, and describes some of the consequences.

Keywords: labor migration, international labor migration, migration statistics, pandemic issues.

AN ALGORITHM OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRATEGY OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE REGION ECONOMY
Author(s): M.M Gadzhiev, M.A. Magomedova

The article contains a list of stages for forming a strategy of digital transformation of the regional economy. A detailed description of each stage is given. The paper demonstrates that digital transformation of the regional economy may be unnecessary in some situations. It is demonstrated that the optimal model for setting up a digital infrastructure for digital transformation of the regional economy is a public-private partnership. Recommendations are formulated for organization of cooperation between the region and the private operator of digital infrastructure.

Keywords: digital transformation, regional economy, digital infrastructure, public-private partnership.

IS IT POSSIBLE TO SUCCESSFULLY IMPLEMENT SOCIAL GASIFICATION/PRE-GASIFICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC AND GEOPOLITICAL INSTABILITY?
Author(s): A.I.Bykov, A.N.Tsatsulin

This article presents the results of the analysis of the economic state of the domestic gas industry, including the activities of the flagship of the country's fuel and energy complex, the Public Joint Stock Company Gazprom Group of Companies. The problems of reorientation of gas raw material exports to the East, issues of creating a liquefied natural gas complex, an icebreaker fleet for transporting LNG to old and new areas and sales points are considered. An independent research issue is the difficulties of implementing the state target program of social gasification and pre-gasification of Russian territories. The purpose of this subject study is a comprehensive economic assessment of the implementation of state programs for regional development based on the use of hydrocarbon raw materials, including the social gasification/pre-gasification program in the constituent entities of the Federation. The results of the research obtained by the authors of the article are reduced to the analysis of departmental non-public information on the identified problems in the gas industry. As a research tool, the methods of activity comparative studies and economic statistics were used. The conceptual approaches involved were discussed. The article ends with three conclusions.

Keywords: pre-gasification, global market, gas standoff, supply routes, logistics connections, Gas chemistry, ESG principles.

DESIGNING A SYSTEM OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
Author(s): M.A.Barinov

The article reflects approaches to assessing the socio-economic genesis of territories, taking into account key growth factors that ensure increased efficiency of functioning of regional-level elements. The relevance of the study is due to the concentration of scientific thought on the issues related to diagnostics of the dependence of the resulting criterion of territorial development – Gross Regional Product on various factors. Monitoring was carried out in a spatial aspect based on data from the Volga Federal District. The purpose of the scientific research is to design a system of indicators that describe the genesis of administrative-territorial entities and have a significant impact on the Gross Regional Product. The set of indicators allows you to build a reliable econometric model, on the basis of which medium-term forecasting of regional development can be performed, which allows you to diagnose and characterize the subject and the emerging trends in the process of transformational changes.

Keywords: region, indicators, gross regional product, development

APPLICATION OF A CUSTOMERORIENTED APPROACH IN THE ACTIVITIES OF CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES
Author(s): O.V.Snapkova

The quality of the work of the customs authority is assessed by participants in foreign economic activity and individuals moving goods across the customs border, based on: the conditions in which they expect the realization of their subjective rights and the duties assigned to them, interpersonal interaction with the official and the time they spend while waiting for the service.

In order to improve the quality of services in the commercial environment, a client-oriented approach is being actively implemented, for which various CRM systems are used.

There is an urgent need to introduce a client-centric approach in public administration in order to improve the quality of services in the direct interaction of state bodies with subjects of entrepreneurial and other economic activity.

At present, this direction is only beginning to be implemented in the public administration system through the development of relevant Standards with a client-oriented approach, techniques.

The article analyzes the problems affecting the development of a client-centric approach and the quality of services provided by customs authorities, presents proposals for the development of customs authorities in this direction.

Keywords: customs authorities, quality, services, foreign economic activity, administration, categorization, customer-oriented approach.

DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL OF THE TARGET FUNCTION OF TOTAL POSSIBLE LOSSES FROM TRANSPORT DAMAGE TO COMMERCIAL CARS DURING DELIVERY TO DEALERSHIPS
Author(s): О.D Pokrovskaya, E.D Pasechnik

The article examines the problems of transport damage to commercial vehicles supplied to dealerships. The risks of organizing the supply of commercial vehicles based on the principles of parallel import are considered. The target function of the total possible losses from transport damage to commercial vehicles during delivery to dealerships is developed.

Keywords: commercial vehicles, transportation problems, delivery, total losses, risks

NEUROMARKETING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORMATION OF A COGNITIVE MODEL OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Author(s): O.V. Zavyalova

The article researched approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "neuromarketing", analyzed the essence, content of the studied concept, methods and technologies of neuromarketing. The place of neuromarketing in the system of enterprise management strategies has been determined. A cognitive model of consumer behavior using neuromarketing has been developed and methods for controlling the decision to buy have been proposed. The main stages of consumer behavior control strategy formation using neuromarketing are proposed. Methods of forming a cognitive map of a consumer using a positive emotional connection with the consumption of a product or contact with it were investigated. The principles of using neuromarketing to form a cognitive map of the consumer have been developed.

Keywords: neuromarketing, cognitive map, marketing strategy, cognitive model, consumer behavior.

STUDY OF COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SUPPLY CHAINS TO DEALER CENTERS
Author(s): О.D Pokrovskaya, E.D Pasechnik

The article examines the reasons for the transformation of the market for the supply of new commercial vehicles to Russian automobile dealerships, examines new methods of interaction between automobile dealers and importers of commercial vehicles, examines the schemes, methods and schemes of supply that have formed in connection with the transformation of the Russian automobile business market.

Keywords: market, transformation, automotive business

 

ON THE ISSUE OF MANAGEMENT: 30 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY OF SAINT PETERSBURG STATE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Author(s): S.P.Ezhov, O.V. Vasina, A.C. Gonashvili

The article is devoted to the 30th anniversary of the Department of Sociology of the St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University). The article presents an interview with Sergey Petrovich Yezhov, who for a long time was the head of the Department of Sociology, and before whose eyes the development and formation of the department took place. The article examines in a biographical context the issues related to the history of the formation of the Department of Sociology, as well as the activities of the department throughout this time.

Keywords: management, sociology, Department of Sociology, SPbSTI (TU), interview.

 

ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF VSM CARDS IN THE CONCEPT OF "LEAN MANUFACTURING"
Author(s): O.A.Dudyreva, L.V.Kostyuk

The article analyzes the prospects of using the "Value Stream Map" as a technology for visualizing business processes in the concept of "Lean Manufacturing". The absence of recommendations on the levels of decomposition of processes and process stages in the development of VSM maps was revealed. A proposal has been put forward to improve the professional competence of specialists in the field of "Lean manufacturing" as the most important task of production management.

Keywords: lean manufacturing, value stream map, VSM maps, business modeling

TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS MARKET
Author(s): V.A. Chernenko, A.A. Voronov

The article discusses the issues of mergers and acquisitions in domestic practice, their forms and industry-specific features of transactions. The reasons for making transactions are highlighted, and the dependence of the growth of transactions due to the withdrawal of foreign investors from the Russian market. The interrelation of transactions in industries and the banking sector of the economy is determined. The strengthening of competition in the Russian market of mergers and acquisitions and the concentration of capital in economic sectors is justified.

Keywords: mergers and acquisitions, industry, investors, corporation, capital concentration, competition, types of transactions

 

FACTOR ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF UNEVEN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
Author(s): A.V. Kuchumov, E.V. Zaugarova, P.Yu. Eremicheva

The article reveals the concept of uneven development of economic systems, reflects its intersection with the concept of heterogeneity of economic space. The authors analyzed specific examples and statistical data, analyzed the relationship between the economic situation of countries in the world arena and indicators for assessing the uneven development of economies. The work presents an assessment of the acceptability of using specific parameters of indicators through the prism of classical theories of scientists, and also proposes a classification of factors influencing the increase in unevenness of economic development.

Keywords: economic development, economic space, economy, regional economy, sectoral economy, world economy.

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